1.PRONUNCIATION OF ALPHABET

K क KH  ख G ग  GH  घ NG  ङ.।     CH  च CHH  छ   J  ज  GH  झ  N ञ।

T  ट  TH  ठ D  ड़  DH  ढ़ N ण ।        T  त TH थ D द DH ध N न  ।

P   प  PH   फ B  ब BH भ  M म |

Y य  R र  L ल  V  व  SH श  SH ष  S स  H ह  KSH क्ष  TR त्र  GY ज्ञ  ।

A अ  B ब  C क/स  D द/ड  E इ  F फ  G ज  H ह  I इ/ई  J ज  K क  L ल  M म  N न  O ओ  P प  Q क्व  R र  S स  T त/ट  U  उ  V व  W व  X क्स  Y य  Z  ज़ ।

A अ  AA आ  I इ EE ई  U उ  OOऊ  E ए  AI ऐ  O ओ  AU औ ANअं AHअहं

Kक    KA का   KI कि   KEE  की   KU कु   KOO कू   KE  के   KAI कै   KO  को   KAU  कौ  KAN  कं   KAH  कः 

2.Pronunciation of  Vowels  (A, E, I, O & U).:-

A).Pronunciation of vowel letter  A:- 

A= अ/आ -Amit  ,Anish, Anuradha, Amar, After, Small, War, Car,      

A= ए/ऐ/एअ- Bay, Date, Say, Bake, Lake, Cat, Mad, Map, Rare,

Dare, Fare, Page, Cage, Name            AA = आ -Bazaar,  Yaarana           

AI – ए / एय - Aim,  Ail, Pain, Aid ,Air, Pair

AO – एओ / ऑ - Aorta, Aorist, Daughter, Aught, Author, Auto

AY - ए-  Stay,  Pay,  Say,   Day

B).Pronunciation of E:-

E – अ / आ / इ /  ई /  ए - Early, Earth, Entirely, Eye, Before, Rear, Pear, Effect, Be, He, She, We ,Beg, Less, Net, Neck    

Ea-ई - Mean, Read, Beat, Tea         EE - ई-  Bee, Keen, Feel                      Eo- एऑ- Geography        Ei-आई/ ए- Either,Neither,i Eight, Weight       Ew- इयू- If any consonant is used before ‘ew’ that will be in short form                                             Ex:- New, Few, Jew, Dew

C) Pronunciation of letter ‘I’:-

I- इ/ ई/ अ / आइ/ आय  - Kill, Bill, Pin, Sin, Indian, Idiot, First, Birth, Shirt, Firm ,Child, Kind, Find, Mind, Fire, Wire, Hire

Ia- इय/इया/आय - Guardian,  Asia, Diamond

Ie/Ei-ई - Receive, Relieve, Believe, Deceive

D)Pronunciation of letter ‘O’:- O- अ/ऑ/ ओ- Come, Ton, Son, Done, Dog, Not, Shot, Dot, Home, Post, Cold Old, Bold, Hold

Oo- उ/ऊ- Book, Cook, Look, Boot, Soon, Roof, Boon

Oy- वाय- Boy, Toy, Joy, Voyage

Ow- ओ/आ/ऊ- Bow, Grow, Show, Row, Cow, How, Now, Fowl

Ou- आउ/ओ/अऊ/ आव- Foul,Pour,Touch,Tour, Sour, Gourd, Hour

E)Pronunciation of letter U:- अ/उ/ऊ/ यू/यो- But, Hut, Fun, Curd, Put, Pull, Bull, Full, June, Jute, Rule, Ruth, Cute, Tune, Tube ,Duity, Sure, Pure, Cure, Lure         Ui-इ/ऊ /यि - Build, Juice, Guilt      Uu-यूअ- Vacum            Ua- आ/वा/वे - Guard, Guava, Quake, Suave                 Uo-ऑय- Buoy                Ue- यू/इ/ऊ/ऐ- Due, Fuel, Glue, Guest

F)Pronunciation of letter Y :-  Y ई-  Policy, Hasty, Year, Icy  

Y- आइ/आय-   Type, Cyclone, Cry, Fry,Typhoid, Type, Tyre, Pyre, Tyrant

Consonants C स  If‘ I, E & Y’ comes after letter ‘C’ it will be ‘स’

Ex:-Niece, Cease, Cinema, City, Cycle, Nice, Peace, Circus, Citizen

C means क  if ‘A, O, U, K, R & Le' comes after C

Ex:- Cat, Cup, Cabinet, Colour, Cut, Lock, Crow, Clean, Class,Craft ,Cock, Cow

C means श  If ‘ia’ comes after C 

Ex:-Social, Facial, Racial, Musician

C means च, क  &  श  If H comes after letter C

Ex:-Chair, Touch, Fetch, Chess, Chemist, Cholera, Chorus, Christ, Machine, Chef, Charlation, Chicane

G)Pronunciation of letter G:-G ग Gun, Leg, Get, Pig

G means ज If E & I comes after G

Ex:-Page, Gem, General, Sage, Gim, Giant, Magician, Ginger

H)S means स If  F, P, PE & TE comes before S

Roofs, Hoofs, Caps, Roops, Kites, Tops, Flutes, Hopes

S means  ज - If g, gg, ge, be oe, ie, ee and y comes before S.

Ex:Bags, Pegs, Ages, eggs, Pages, Tribes, Tubes, Heroes, Mangoe,

Armies, Flies, Employees, Toys ,Rays, Boys.

S means श  If ia and ion comes after letter S

Ex:-Asia, Eurasia, Tension, Aggression,

T means ट  generally Pronounced  Cat, Try, Team and Tea.

but T means श  If is, ie and io comes after T.

Ex:-Initial, Patient, Distortion, Ration,Ratio.

T means च  If  ure and tion comes after T.

Ex:-Nature, Culture, Picture, Capture, and Questions.

T means द/थ  If  h comes after T.

Ex:-This, That, Three, These, Those, There, They ,Theme 

RULES OF SILENT LETTERS:-

A)Letter “B” is silent if it comes after letter ‘M’ and before letter ‘T’

Ex:-Thumb,Comb,Lamb ,Dumb ,Doubt, Debt,Doubtful, Doubtless

B) Letter “C” is silent if it comes after letter ‘S’.

Ex:-Science, Scene, Scent, Schedule…

C) Letter “D”  is silent if it comes before letter ‘G’.

Ex:-Edge, Budget, Ridge, Bridge….

D) Letter “E” is silent if  it comes after ‘A, I, O &  U + consonant+e and it will be stressed.

Ex:-i)   Same, Wave, Rate, Tape….  ii)  Wine, Mine, Kite, Site……

      iii)  Note, Nose, Pope, Rose….    Iv)  Rule, June, Tube, Cube….

E)Letter “G” is silent if it comes before letter ‘N’ and last letter

 will be ‘gh’ and ‘ght’  never pronounced.

Ex:-Sign, Feign, Reign, Assign, High, Fight, Sigh, Light……

F) Letter “H” is silent if it comes before a vowel.

Ex:-Hour, Honour, Heir, Humble…

G) Letter “k” is silent  if it comes before letter ‘N’.

Ex:-Knowledge, Knee, Knife, Knock…

H) Letter “L” is is silent if it comes before letter ‘M / L / K or  D.

Ex:Palm, Calm, Alms, Balm, Half, Calf, Talk, Walk, Folk, Chalk,

 Would, Could, Should…

I) Letter “N” is silent if it comes after letter ‘M’.

Ex:-Autumn, Column..

J) Letter “P” is silent if it comes before ‘N’ & ‘S’.

Ex:-Pneuumonia, Pneumatics, Psychology, Psalm..

K) Letter “Q” is silent because it never exits alone it comes with sound ‘क्व’.

Ex:-Quick, Queen, Quest, Quail…

L) Letter “T” is silent if it comes before ‘Ch’ or ‘En’.

Ex:-Catch, Fetch, Match, Watch, Listen, Often, Hasten, Soften..

M) Letter “U” is silent if it is between letter ‘G’ or ‘A’. and at last ‘ugh’, ‘ught’ or ‘gue’.

Ex:- Guard, Guess, Guest, Guile, Laugh, Though, Caught, Bought, Plague, Tongue…

N) Letter “W” is silent if it comesbefore ‘R’ and comes after ‘S’.

Ex:-Wrap, Wrong, Answer, Sword…